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The Hill and Wang Critical Issues Series: concise, affordable works on pivotal topics in American history, society, and politics.
In this pioneering study, White explores the relationship between the natural history of the Columbia River and the human history of the Pacific Northwest for both whites and Native Americans. He concentrates on what brings humans and the river together: not only the physical space of the region but also, and primarily, energy and work. For working with the river has been central to Pacific Northwesterners' competing ways of life. It is in this way that White comes to view the Columbia River as an organic machine--with conflicting human and natural claims--and to show that whatever separation exists between humans and nature exists to be crossed.
- Sales Rank: #70748 in Books
- Brand: Brand: Hill and Wang
- Published on: 1996-01-31
- Released on: 1996-01-31
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 8.22" h x .37" w x 5.49" l, .30 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 144 pages
- Used Book in Good Condition
From Library Journal
Award-winning author White (history, Univ. of Washington) offers a powerful and exploratory look into the relationship between people and nature in the Pacific Northwest. The result is an alarming vision of the history of life along the Columbia River. By examining both Indian and white interactions, the author molds a new environmentalism that incorporates pollution, inorganic naturalness, and environmental destruction, as well as a certain energy and mysticism. The relationship between the Columbia River and the people in its sweep can be symbolized by the "organic machine." According to White, this machine incorporates all living creatures in the environment, each with a "social claim to their part of the machine." White approaches the conflict between humanity and nature earlier noted by minds such as Ralph Waldo Emerson and Lewis Mumford with passion, optimism, emotion, and intelligence, connecting the reader on a variety of levels. Recommended for most libraries.
Vicki L. Toy Smith, Univ. of Nevada, Reno
Copyright 1995 Reed Business Information, Inc.
From Booklist
Prizewinning University of Washington historian White's "organic machine" is the Columbia River and its tributaries: along this energy powerhouse, Native American fishermen and eastern adventurers, spawning salmon and man-made machines--from gill nets and fish wheels to hydroelectric dams and Hanford Engineer Works--came together to forge "a new energy regime, a new geography, and a new relationship between human labor and the energy of nature." Viewing human history and natural history as part of the same narrative, not as parallel stories, White argues "it is our work that ultimately links us, for better or worse, to nature." The Organic Machine focuses on that linkage to illuminate both the conflicting human claims and constructions that have "disassembled" the mighty river over the decades and the "larger organic cycles beyond [human] control" to which the river system remains tied. White urges that it is this mixture of organic and human-made that defines both the river's history and its current reality. Includes a bibliographical essay but no footnotes; an annotated version is in the University of Washington Library's Special Collections. Mary Carroll
Review
“Visionary . . . White has posed a brilliant new model for environmental history.” ―Howard R. Lamar, Yale University
“A crystalline gem of a book. White makes the transformation of the Columbia River basin into a compelling microhistory of the encounter between the forces of technology and nature in America.” ―Leo Marx, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
“White has done something remarkable: he has shown us a way of thinking that connects our deep history to the present and sees our most essential human habits--work, in this case--as inseparable from the places we inhabit.” ―Elliott West, University of Arkansas
Most helpful customer reviews
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Very decent reference for history of the river. A ...
By david donnell
Very decent reference for history of the river. A few more weeks of researching would have made it a 5 star.
4 of 4 people found the following review helpful.
Interesting; 3.5 Stars
By R. Albin
An interesting essay on the impact of our industrial civilization in the American west. White uses the history of the Columbia River basin as a paradigmatic example of large scale engineering of the natural world. White opens by pointing out that human interactions with the Columbia basin are ancient; Native Americans exploited the resources of the Columbia for millenia. The lower Columbia valley was relativel densely populated due in large part to he enormous bounty of Salmonid migrations up the Columbia. While White is no starry eyed romantic, the impression he leaves is that this traditional pre-industrial economy existed in a kind of equilibrium with the Columbia. The coming of Europeans and European descended Americans brought about great social and biologic changes. The enormous disease related mortality associated with European contact and the commodification of food supplies devastated Native American populations and societies. Into this partial vacuum came Americans who were increasingly involved in a global and commodity oriented economy.
Industrial technology made possible the reorganization of the Columbia basin. White concisely shows the convergence of interests that drove this impressively large effort. Corporate interests, local boosterism, Progressive ideology-politics, and Depression era job creation all drove the amazing efforts of the Bonneville Power Administration and other agencies that remade the Columbia basin. This is very much the story of unintended consequences. Many advocates of these projects saw them as vehicles for political reform and social transformation - goals that were never really met. White connects these efforts to interesting and distinctly American figures such as Emerson and the 20th century social theorist Lewis Mumford.
The ultimate result is what White terms The Organic Machine; the transformation of the Columbia Basin into a living analogue of a piece of machinery. This is not a moralistic book. White is primarily concerned with describing this phenomenon and understanding its genesis. While he primarily describes many of the unsatisfactory aspects of the outcome, he is also quite clear on some of the considerable benefits of this remarkable project. This is very much the story of human activity as a virtually geologic force; producing a powerfully concrete and very different analogue of the natural world.
There is an unsatisfactory aspect to this book. It is really a fairly long essay and falls somewhat between 2 stools. Intended partially as a somewhat philosophical essay, its a bit too long and White could have made the essential points in a shorter text. At the same time,m White's historical perspective is quite interesting but it doesn't provide the breadth of historical detail you'd expect from a more strictly historical work.
14 of 16 people found the following review helpful.
Brief and Brilliant
By Lowry C. Pei
The Organic Machine is an ideal example of what great scholarship should produce. It's a short, beautifully written, passionate history of what we human beings have made of the Columbia River in the time since white people came to the Northwest. It is driven by an environmentalism founded on the understanding that man is not separate from nature and never can be. The protagonist of this book is the salmon -- a creature to whom we have done no favors by transforming the Columbia -- yet man is not the villain of the piece. This book is written, as White says, "to understand rather than denounce." The profound depth of White's scholarship is made clear in the bibliographic essay that follows the text; the text itself makes use of massive learning in a graceful and accessible style. Anyone who cares about our relationship with the natural world, and who wants to think about it with some subtlety and historical grounding, should read this book. They don't come any better.
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